ヤマナカ ケンタロウ
YAMANAKA Kentarou
山中 健太郎 所属
食健康科学部 健康デザイン学科
生活機構研究科 生活科学研究専攻
生活機構研究科 生活機構学専攻
女性健康科学研究所 所属教員
職種
教授
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言語種別 | 日本語 |
発行・発表の年月 | 2013/11 |
形態種別 | 学術雑誌 |
査読 | 査読あり |
標題 | Neural mechanisms underlying stop-and-restart difficulties: Involvement of the motor and perceptual systems |
執筆形態 | 共著 |
掲載誌名 | PLOS ONE |
出版社・発行元 | Public Library of Science |
巻・号・頁 | 8(11),e82272頁 |
著者・共著者 | Yamanaka K. Nozaki D. |
概要 | The ability to suddenly stop a planned movement or a movement being performed and restart it after a short interval is an important mechanism that allows appropriate behavior in response to contextual or environmental changes. However, performing such stop-and-restart movements smoothly is difficult at times. We investigated performance (response time) of stop-and-restart movements using a go/stop/re-go task and found consistent stop-and-restart difficulties after short (~100 ms) stop-to-restart intervals (SRSI), and an increased probability of difficulties after longer (>200 ms) SRSIs, suggesting that two different mechanisms underlie stop-and-restart difficulties. Next, we investigated motor evoked potentials (MEPs) in a moving muscle induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation during a go/stop/re-go task. In re-go trials with a short SRSI (100 ms), the MEP amplitude continued to decrease after the re-go-signal onset, indicating that stop-and-restart difficulties with short SRSIs might be associated with a neural mechanism in the human motor system, namely, stop-related suppression of corticomotor (CM) excitability. Finally, we recorded electroencephalogram (EEG) activity during a go/stop/re-go task and performed a single-trial-based EEG power and phase time-frequency analysis. Alpha-band EEG phase locking to re-go-signal, which was only observed in re-go trials with long SRSI (250 ms), weakened in the delayed re-go response trials. These EEG phase dynamics indicate an association between stop-and-restart difficulties with long SRSIs and a neural mechanism in the human perception system, namely, decreased probability of EEG phase locking to visual stimuli. In contrast, smooth stop-and-restart human movement can be achieved in re-go trials with sufficient SRSI (150–200 ms), because release of stop-related suppression and simultaneous counter-activation of CM excitability may occur as a single task without second re-go-signal perception. These results suggest that skilled motor behavior is subject to various constraints in not only motor, but also perceptual (and attentional), systems. |
DOI | 10.1371/journal.pone.0082272 |