ヤマナカ ケンタロウ    YAMANAKA Kentarou
   山中 健太郎
   所属
食健康科学部 健康デザイン学科
 
生活機構研究科 生活科学研究専攻
 
生活機構研究科 生活機構学専攻
 
女性健康科学研究所 所属教員
   職種
教授
言語種別 日本語
発行・発表の年月 2010/12
形態種別 大学・研究所等紀要
標題 動作の急な停止を実現する神経制御メカニズムの研究
執筆形態 単著
掲載誌名 学苑(生活科学紀要)
出版社・発行元 昭和女子大学
巻・号・頁 842,1-13頁
概要 The ability to stop a planned motor response is an important control mechanism that allows appropriate behavior to suddenly changes in response to context and environment. Here, I review our research into neural control mechanisms in relation to the sudden stopping of a motor response. First, by a psychophysical method with a stop-signal task paradigm, in which subjects were occasionally required to stop a planned motor response, the processing time for sudden stopping of a motor response (stop-signal reaction time: SSRT) was estimated to be about 200 ms. Second, an experiment using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) demonstrated that the corticospinal system, which is the main output pathway of voluntary motor command, was strongly suppressed approximately 200 ms after the stop-signal was presented, suggesting an existence of internal inhibitory control. Finally, in an electroencephalograpic (EEG) study, a distinct negative component of an event-related potential (ERP) was observed around 200 ms after the stop-signal onset over the right frontal cortex, which is thought to be an inhibitory center. All of the above demonstrate that it takes about 200 ms to suddenly stop a motor response, during which the right frontal cortex is activated and the motor output pathway is suppressed.