ハヤシ マリコ    Hayashi Mariko
   林 真理子
   所属
食健康科学部 管理栄養学科
 
生活機構研究科 生活科学研究専攻
 
女性健康科学研究所 所属教員
   職種
准教授
言語種別 英語
発行・発表の年月 2018/04
形態種別 学術雑誌
査読 査読あり
標題 Structure-Function Relationship of Transporters in the Glutamate-Glutamine Cycle of the Central Nervous System
執筆形態 単著
掲載誌名 Int J Mol Sci
掲載区分国外
巻・号・頁 19(4),pp.1177
著者・共著者 ◎Hayashi MK
概要 Many kinds of transporters contribute to glutamatergic excitatory synaptic transmission. Glutamate is loaded into synaptic vesicles by vesicular glutamate transporters to be released from presynaptic terminals. After synaptic vesicle release, glutamate is taken up by neurons or astrocytes to terminate the signal and to prepare for the next signal. Glutamate transporters on the plasma membrane are responsible for transporting glutamate from extracellular fluid to cytoplasm. Glutamate taken up by astrocyte is converted to glutamine by glutamine synthetase and transported back to neurons through glutamine transporters on the plasma membranes of the astrocytes and then on neurons. Glutamine is converted back to glutamate by glutaminase in the neuronal cytoplasm and then loaded into synaptic vesicles again. Here, the structures of glutamate transporters and glutamine transporters, their conformational changes, and how they use electrochemical gradients of various ions for substrate transport are summarized. Pharmacological regulations of these transporters are also discussed.
researchmap用URL https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/4/1177